Titlebook: Immunotherapy for Gastrointestinal Malignancies; Ramakrishna Vadde,Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and

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Tumor Heterogeneity: Challenges and Perspectives for Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy,son for the low treatment response rate in cancer patients. Thus, there is always a quest to understand the tumor heterogeneity in any cancer type. In this chapter, the authors attempted to understand the types and drivers for tumor heterogeneity, especially in gastrointestinal cancers, and discusse

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Immunocomposition of Gastrointestinal Tract of Gut,rwhelming load of antigens in the form of dietary antigens on a daily basis. The GI tract has played dual role in the body, in that it performs uptake of nutrients and digestion while also performing out the complex and principal task of maintaining immune homeostasis, i.e., maintaining the balance

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Immune Cell Therapy Against Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers, the healthcare sector across the globe. Recently advancements in high throughput techniques provide us with a unique opportunity to detect biomarkers and treat various diseases, including GI cancer, more comprehensively. However, most of these approaches are ineffective for treating patients with a

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Gastrointestinal Malignancies,se of cancer related deaths. GI cancers are treated by surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The overall survival rate (5 years of survival) after the surgery is very poor in patients with GI cancers. To increase the survival rate adjuvant therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy were perform

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