Titlebook: Heparin - A Century of Progress; Rebecca Lever,Barbara Mulloy,Clive P. Page Book 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 Anticoagulant

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Standardisation of Unfractionated and Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin are essential for safety and efficacy of this important class of anticoagulants. This chapter describes the traceability of the international unit and current status of the relationship between the international and pharmacopoeial standards, together with a review on current pharmacopoeial assay me

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Case Study: Contamination of Heparin with Oversulfated Chondroitin Sulfatetries in Europe. The adverse events were reported as being “allergic type” reactions, chiefly characterized by acute hypotension, nausea, and shortness of breath. The root cause of the cluster of adverse events was determined to be a contamination of the heparin by oversulfated chondroitin sulfate.

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Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins: Differential Characterization/Physical Characterizationspect to the parent heparin in terms of pharmacokinetics, convenience of administration, and reduced side effects. Each LMWH can be considered as an independent drug with its own activity profile, placing significance on their biophysical characterization, which will also enable a better understandi

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Heparin and Heparan Sulfate: Analyzing Structure and Microheterogeneityecules. In a physiological context, these molecules primarily exert their effects extracellularly by mediating key processes of cellular cross-talk and signaling leading to the modulation of a number of different biological activities including development, cell proliferation, and inflammation. This

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Heparin in the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism and Other Thrombotic Diseaseseparin exerts its antithrombotic effects by facilitating the ability of antithrombin (AT), a plasma serum protease inhibitor, to inhibit thrombin (factor IIa) and factor Xa. Different heparin formulations can be used for the prophylaxis of thrombosis and treatment, going from unfractionated heparin

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Adverse Effects of Heparinesulting directly from the potency of heparin as an anticoagulant. However, it is hard to define the bleeding risk, since it depends on numerous parameters including the indication, dosage, method, and duration of heparin application, the clinical study design and definition of bleeding as well as p

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Neutralization of Heparin Activityrome, cardiopulmonary bypass, and hemodialysis. However, the major complication of heparin – like that of all anticoagulants – is bleeding. Heparin may need to be reversed in the following settings: clinically significant bleeding; prior to an invasive procedure; at the conclusion of a procedure inv