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headway

Introductionin the past. The same holds true for itinerant groups in general. That during the Second World War hundreds of thousands of them met the same horrendous fate as Jews and other Nazi victims has only been recognized with reluctance. Gypsies appear to appeal to the imagination simply as social outcasts

意外的成功

Ethnicity as a Death-Trap: the History of Gypsy Studiesstorical studies on migration, settlement and ethnicity. Why do new insights on Gypsies and other itinerant groups so seldom reach the academic curriculum or become part of public understanding? There seems to be a . about who they are and where they come from, while at the same time little substant

防水

The Church of Knowledge: Representation of Gypsies in Encyclopaediasr disposal: surveys, sculpture, literature, magazines and newspapers which can tell us much about the norms, values and impressions of a society. These sources contain a wealth of information about people’s ideas, their behaviour towards others and their internal relations. In this chapter we focus

露天历史剧

Eternal Vagrants? State Formation, Migration and Travelling Groups in Western Eurone, 1350–1914ling groups, whom they labelled as ‘Gypsies’ or ‘vagrants’ from the Middle Ages onwards, and how the stigmatization of these groups has been fixed. The assumption that the attitude of the authorities and the state towards migration in general and itinerant groups in particular is pivotal in explaini

相容

‘Harmful Tramps’: Police Professionalization and Gypsies in Germany, 1700–1945ant insights into the way German authorities have dealt with people they categorized as . Despite this coming of age, there are three aspects which still demand further elaboration and deeper consideration. First of all, while some also cover the preceding Empire and Weimar era, most studies concent

Lineage

有限

The Making of a Minority: the Case of Dutch Travellerssome minorities (gradually) come into being, but some also fade away, just like the claims for and attribution of cultural rights are forever changing. This is well illustrated by the contemporary problems in the former Soviet Union, the former Yugoslavia and other Eastern European countries. Howeve

laceration

HEAVY

The Clink of the Hammer was Heard From Daybreak till Dawn: Gypsy Occupations in Western Europe (Ninebut services provided by knife-grinders and chairbottomers also appear regularly in literature written for children. People have been and still are confronted with all kinds of itinerant occupations in their daily life: showpeople who go from fair to fair, musicians, conjurers, jugglers, acrobats an

小卒

Dutch Travellers: Dwellings, Origins and Occupationsies. As far as the first group is concerned the idea prevails that they descend from vagabonds who, in the course of time, intermixed with Gypsies. There is, however, hardly any historical research available to prove or refute this assertion. The study by Heymowski is a favourable exception.. He not