| 书目名称 | Greek Culture After the Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 Crisis | | 编辑 | Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Dionysis G | | 视频video | | | 丛书名称 | The Political Economy of Greek Growth up to 2030 | | 图书封面 |  | | 出版日期 | Book 2021 | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81018-4 | | isbn_softcover | 978-3-030-81020-7 | | isbn_ebook | 978-3-030-81018-4Series ISSN 2662-7248 Series E-ISSN 2662-7256 | | issn_series | 2662-7248 |
| 1 |
Front Matter |
|
|
Abstract
|
| 2 |
|
|
|
Abstract
|
| 3 |
Introduction |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This is an introductory chapter presenting that the book focuses in the analysis of the behaviors of the modern Greek society. For this purpose, there are presented the basic sources of data used in the analysis of the chapters which derive mainly from five sources: (a) National personal interviews with households using a printed questionnaire, (b) the European Social Survey (ESS), (c) the results of the Dianeosis survey “What Greeks believe”, (d) the Global Preference Survey, (e) data from scientific articles regarding personal traits in Greek society and (f) the Standard Eurobarometer.
|
| 4 |
Human Needs and Actions |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This chapter examines the mechanism under which human needs are generated and take place as human actions. This process is a result of two effects; the individuals’ internal characteristics, and the society’s views and cultural background where the individuals live and evolve. That been the case, the chapter examines issues such as the creation of the needs, the personal traits as derivatives of behavior, identity theory, the bipolar pairs of behavior and the complexity of social behavior.
|
| 5 |
Behavioral Identity |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This chapter concerns the notion of identity theory and its reflection on human behavior. Every identity—personal or collective identity of a nation—reflects to specific actions and provides an explanatory framework for decision-making. Therefore, the chapter examines issues such as the theoretical background of personal identity and correspondingly, collective identity, the perception of identity by economic science through social norms and economic models based on utility. Moreover, the delineation of the behavioral identity of Greeks for 2019–2020 is attempted by means of the results from field research.
|
| 6 |
The Big Five Personality Characteristics |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This chapter aims to identify the changes that have been observed in the personality traits of the modern Greeks. All personality traits have two opposite poles, and each person is characterized by a portfolio of personality traits which is more or less comprehended by each personality trait. We can, therefore, claim that each person is characterized by both poles of all personality traits, but what differentiates each person from the others is the degree of convergence in one of the two poles of each trait. The analysis, therefore, concerns the following personality traits for the Greek society: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
|
| 7 |
|
|
|
Abstract
|
| 8 |
Happiness, Life Satisfaction, Health and Political Self-Determination |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This chapter focuses on presenting a series of concepts related to happiness, life satisfaction, health and political self-determination. Based on the relevant literature, it seems that people’s happiness is associated with all these concepts. Thus, a theoretical analysis is presented for the above concepts, and also a description of the evolution of the attitudes of the Greeks, as well as the combinations of these issues from 2002 to 2020. Also, it is being examined whether the recent crisis (Financial and Covid-19) affected severely or not the level of happiness or not, trying to give answers on how economic evolutions are correlated with happiness and human prosperity in the Greek society.
|
| 9 |
Principles and Beliefs |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
Greek society is characterized by a peculiar cultural background that directs its development potential, since, in combination with its correspondingly peculiar institutional background, leads to the perpetuation of a stagnant model of economic development. In Greece, the cultural background has a long-term homocyclic effect. This chapter presents the evolution over time of the attitudes of Greek society related to the principles and beliefs that characterize it. To this end, it presents data on the environment, family and religion, and attitudes about respect, general behavior, customs and discipline. The chapter also describes the attitudes of Greek society regarding generalized trust, social support and individuality.
|
| 10 |
Creativity, Incentives and Attitudes to Life |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
The purpose of the chapter is to highlight important aspects and attitudes of human behavior in Greek society. Through them we can outline personal behaviors that shape the way decisions are made, both at individual and collective level. More specifically, the chapter presents aspects for the development of human personality as well as the concept of creativity in order to understand the way the members of Greek society make decisions. In addition, the chapter presents the personal attitudes of Greek society and their evolution over time.
|
| 11 |
Social Behaviors |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This chapter presents the attitudes of Greek society regarding the social attitudes that are developing and how they have evolved over the last two decades. More specifically, the chapter presents the human approach, in the sense that the emphasis is given on the society’s attitudes toward human friendship, human closeness, sociability and ease of borrowing from his/her inner circle. Moreover, it presents the attitudes of the society toward the sense of security and the avoidance of uncertain conditions, with the emphasis given on the attitudes regarding security and the likelihood for the occurrence of terrorist acts in the next 12 months.
|
| 12 |
Voting Intention, Rationalism, Welfare State and Happiness |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
The main aim of the chapter is to outline how political beliefs are related to citizens’ views on the role of the state and the conduct of economic policy, rationalism and human happiness. More specifically, the chapter presents the voting intention per political party. In addition, the voting intention is distinguished based on the level of rationality of the voters. Also, the chapter presents the levels of happiness of Greek society based on the voting intention. Citizens’ views on the state and taxation are also reflected in the analysis. Finally, we combine the voting intention with the economic policy.
|
| 13 |
|
|
|
Abstract
|
| 14 |
Economy and Economic Policy |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
This chapter develops issues related to the satisfaction of Greek society with the state of the economy, democracy and the euro, as well as the attitude of Greek society regarding the state interventions and the economic policy implemented in Greece. Specifically, there are issues related to attitudes about whether or not state interventions are good for the economy, whether it is the responsibility of governments to reduce the income gaps and ensure jobs for all, whether the state whether or not it intervenes in the economy, whether the state should boost market demand by raising wages and pensions to increase consumption or whether it should provide incentives to increase investment and exports to create new jobs and whether it is in favor of or against the privatization of public utility companies.
|
| 15 |
Public Sector and Investments |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
The size of the Greek public sector is considered by many to be the main culprit for the long-term accumulation of deficits, which led to the debt crisis that the Greek economy was called upon to face over the last decade. As a result, the public sector has been the target of adjustment programs. At the same time, the prolonged period of economic crisis in Greece has had a significant impact on the level of investment in the economy, and there is a strong need to support them for a sustainable recovery effort. This chapter presents the attitudes of Greek society toward the size of the Greek public sector and on issues related to the permanence of civil servants. In addition, the chapter analyzes the attitudes related to foreign investment and the incentives for investment and innovation.
|
| 16 |
State, Taxation and State Welfare |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
The interconnection of attitudes, behaviors and cultural background in general with the opinions about taxation is an issue that has not been particularly interlinked in the relevant literature. This chapter presents the views and attitudes on the role of the state, taxation and state welfare. In addition to linking these views to a number of variables (gender, age, education level, income level, social class), the interconnection of these preferences with the level of happiness, the degree of rationality and political self-determination is presented.
|
| 17 |
|
|
|
Abstract
|
| 18 |
Rationality and Loss Aversion |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
Loss aversion, as well as the degree of rationality of individuals, are projections of human behavior in decision-making. Elements of human behavior, which at the individual level influence the way the individual makes decisions, are an integral part of the macroeconomic growth models. Different preferences can be associated with apparent differences in economic performance. The chapter analyses the role of needs in the decision-making process and human behavior. In addition, we present the theoretical background of rational behavior as a system of activation of human action. Then, the degree of rationality is linked to the policy of self-positioning, happiness and the state, taxation and social welfare presenting findings of the polls on Greek society.
|
| 19 |
The Global Preference Survey: Attitudes Toward Risk, Positive and Negative Reciprocity and Altruism |
Panagiotis E. Petrakis,Kyriaki I. Kafka,Pantelis C. Kostis,Dionysis G. Valsamis |
|
Abstract
The scope of the chapter is to presents the main attitudes of Greek society and how they are positioned compared to the rest of the world, based on Global Preferences Survey. Most theories of human behavior agree that a set of preferences guide individuals in decision-making. These include risk-taking preferences, positive and negative reciprocity and altruism. The importance of the above attitudes is critical, especially considering that many times we make our decisions and choices depending on the interaction that will result from our actions toward third parties. After all, the heterogeneity of individual preferences is a key feature of any society, making the decision-making process a complex task under conditions of uncertainty.
|
| 20 |
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
发表于 2025-3-21 19:33:27
