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Least Squareswever, ML methods are not the only estimation methods. Very frequently used alternatives to maximum likelihood are various methods using linear and non-linear least squares. In this chapter we examine the use of these procedures for estimation of gravity model parameters.

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Carol Yeh-Yun Lin,Leif Edvinssonodels can be attributed both in the simplicity of their mathematical form and the intuitive nature of their underlying assumptions. For, as observed by Isard and Bramhall (1960, p. 515), these models amount to the simplest possible representation of the basic . that, all else being equal, ‘the inter

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Massimo Bergami,Giuseppe Cucchiwever, ML methods are not the only estimation methods. Very frequently used alternatives to maximum likelihood are various methods using linear and non-linear least squares. In this chapter we examine the use of these procedures for estimation of gravity model parameters.

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Impact Assessment: Empirical Evidencenner, and to illustrate their meaning in terms of simple examples. To do so, we begin in Section 1.2 below with a consideration of the basic theoretical perspectives embodied in the present approach to spatial interaction behavior.

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Spatial Interaction Processes: An Overviewnner, and to illustrate their meaning in terms of simple examples. To do so, we begin in Section 1.2 below with a consideration of the basic theoretical perspectives embodied in the present approach to spatial interaction behavior.