| 书目名称 | Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900 | | 编辑 | Federico Ferretti | | 视频video | | | 概述 | Presents the findings from an overdue investigation into the history of the Italian movement for national liberation.Challenges nationalistic commonplaces of the Risorgimento within this complex movem | | 图书封面 |  | | 描述 | .Combining intellectual history, geography and political science, this book addresses the relations between geography and the federalist tendencies of key individuals during the nineteenth-century Italian Risorgimento. The book investigates the development of transnational federalist attitudes amongst a political network of intellectuals, and hones in on several understudied figures who played important roles in the Italian radical movements for national and social liberation. Notably, this includes political geographers who mobilised geographical metaphors to foster change and reorganise territories. The author demonstrates how federalism, anarchism and republicanism were all connected and led not only to autonomy in Italy, but more locally within its regions and municipalities, and more broadly across Europe over the ‘Long Risorgimento’ period. Contributing to current debates on federalism and anti-colonialism, this book will appeal to historical geographers, political scientists and those researching the history of federalism, republicanism and anarchism in Europe.. | | 出版日期 | Book 2022 | | 关键词 | Historical geography; Risorgimento; Radicalism; Federalism; Republicanism; Anarchism; Geography; Nationalis | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96117-6 | | isbn_softcover | 978-3-030-96119-0 | | isbn_ebook | 978-3-030-96117-6 | | copyright | The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerl |
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Front Matter |
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Abstract
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,Introduction: Decolonial Imagination and Social Justice in Radical Risorgimento, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
In this Introduction, I stress the importance of writing long-overdue alternative histories of the Italian Long Risorgimento, which are cognizant that this movement was far from being limited to national unification and ‘independence’, or to the official monarchist and militarist myths that still linger in some nationalistic narratives. I especially challenge the idea that Risorgimento was first and foremost about Italy’s ‘unity’, by arguing that there was plenty of other matters moving the intellectual and popular movements that participated in that complex historical experience, starting from social justice and civil liberties. Moreover, highlighting the contradictions of a nation that fought for its own liberation and became later a colonial and imperialist power once constituted in unified state, I discuss the early cosmopolitan, internationalist and anticolonialist views of Risorgimento federalists and radicals. Highlighting the originality of their criticisms, which were applied to both internal and external colonialism, I argue that their thinking can nourish current notions of decoloniality and transnational solidarities. Methodologically, I stress the importance of address
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,Risorgimento Historiography and Plural Notions of Freedom, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
In this chapter, I analyse some contrasting definitions of Risorgimento in Italian and international historiography, reading them through notions of freedom as non-domination and civic virtue. These concepts were widely shared within the circuits of what I call radical and federalist Risorgimento and continued to characterise their more direct political outsprings, that is anarchism and republicanism. Rediscovering these neglected tendencies of Italian Risorgimento allows extending current historiographic trends focussing on culture, identity and early radicalism. These readings challenge more traditional teleological narrations of Risorgimento as the triumph of national[istic] unity in the conservative field, or as ‘failed’ or ‘passive’ revolution in the progressive one. Risorgimento was much more, as its radical and federalist components raised matters on culture, territory and society that can still nourish current debates on decolonisation, civil liberties and social justice. Here, my key contention is that Risorgimento federalism did not (or not only) mean redrawing national maps or administrative boundaries, but first and foremost assuming the need for decentring decisions, a
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,The Geographers’ Connection, and the ‘Right of Peoples’, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
In this chapter, I discuss how geography contributed to both the main tendencies of radical and republican Risorgimento, namely the unitary and the federalist one, in prefigurating the possible shapes of independent and republican Italy. Given that, in the nineteenth century, scholarly disciplines did not yet have the academic characterisation under which they are currently recognised, I mean by ‘geography’ both works that produced what can match current definitions of ‘geographical knowledge’ and works which were labelled as ‘geography’ although addressing quite heterogeneous matters—from geomorphology to statistics. Yet, all of these knowledges participated in the prefiguration of different ideas of national and social liberation that were broadly expressed by the diverse cartographic representations that I reproduce, which show the different ways of defining a unitary or plural nation, defined either by physical morphology either by human voluntaristic work. Thus, the political relevance of geography and its entanglements with different republican tendencies of Risorgimento emerges clearly and is especially exposed by the archives accounting for these scholars’ and activists’ ne
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,The Lombard Connection, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
In this chapter, I discuss the works and networks of a group of scholars whose thought was paramount in informing federalism and early socialism in Italy, including famous names such as Cattaneo, Ferrari and Cernuschi. Extending notions discussed in the previous chapter, I highlight the importance of places such as Milan and Lombardy in providing them with both case studies and material grounds for networking and of the historical context of the 1848 insurrections. Amazingly, some Lombard centrality lasted also during these authors’ exile after 1848 as Cattaneo was based in Canton Ticino, which is for several aspects a cultural and linguistic part of the Lombard area, and which became a central place for international and transnational subversive networking also thanks to the Cattaneo-inspired Capolago presses. My key assumption is that starting from this regional perspective, Risorgimento federalism took undeletable internationalist and cosmopolitan features, far from being limited to the issue of just one nation but explicitly prefigurating European federalism. That is, the fact of being rooted in a certain place and a certain culture does not impede cosmopolitanism and open-mind
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,The Tuscan Connection, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
Since the Restoration, the Grand-Duchy of Tuscany was a centre of republican conspirations, as mentioned above about Marmocchi’s experience. In Florence, the 1848–1849 revolution did not see the spectacular outcomes of Milan, Rome of Venice as the democratic Triumvirate Guerrazzi-Mazzoni-Montanelli lasted only a couple of months and did not even come to proclaim the Republic. Nevertheless, two of its members played outstandingly important roles in fostering Proudhonism and federalism in the following decades (Montanelli) and in supporting the establishment of the International in Italy, by welcoming Mikhail Bakunin (Mazzoni). In the years after unification, Florence was an important hub for the works of exiles and refugees, including from abroad and from the regions still occupied by the Austrians such as Veneto; a centre of clandestine military organisation for the Garibaldian attempts to reach Rome for getting rid of the Pope’s temporal power, and the place where one of the most significant newspapers of federalist and internationalist Risorgimento, . (NE) was published from 1861 to 1863. In this chapter, I analyse the neglected connections of the protagonists of Tuscan republica
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,The Southern Connection, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
The aforementioned ideas of the ‘failed’ or ‘passive’ revolution and their successive re-elaborations and critiques were strongly based on matters related to the Southern Question, understood as a series of issues that national unification opened, and that in most cases still remain open after more than 150 years. The cruel war against brigands carried out by the Savoias’ Army and the successive forced assimilation of the Southern regions led to Gramsci’s reflections that inspire the literature on internal colonialism that was mentioned in the previous chapters. Yet, the coloniality of Southern Italy’s annexation had been already perceived by Ferrari in 1861 and by Cattaneo’s follower, geographer Arcangelo Ghisleri, in the 1880s. In this chapter, I argue that colonial ideas of the South as a passive actor of Risorgimento contributed to the neglecting of what I call the ‘Southern Connection’ of people and ideas that decisively contributed to radical and federalist Risorgimento on at least two main points. The first, the post-unification awareness that ignoring federalist claims was being proving detrimental by what happened in the South, as denounced in real time by authors such as
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,Heretic Connections, and the Other Garibaldians, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
Pier Carlo Masini wrote a fundamental book, titled ., to identify an heterogeneous array of ‘heretic’ authors who laid out the ‘secular, humanistic and libertarian sources of Italian democracy’ including thinkers such as Rosa, Ghisleri, Leonida Bissolati, Enrico Bignami, Osvaldo Gnocchi-Viani and ‘the internationalists’ in general (Masini in Eresie dell’Ottocento. La Nuova Italia, Florence, 1978b). For Masini, democratic and libertarian tendencies had been transversal to all political parties in nineteenth-century Italy, and their outcomes constituted a strong ideal legacy for antifascist and progressive movements of the following century. While drawing upon Masini’s work, I extend it by using the term ‘heretic’ in a slightly different way. First, like in the previous chapters, I do not limit my analysis to these authors’ work, as I also analyse their networks considering the relational nature of that transversality, that is the connections and areas of in-betweenness among different political circuits such as federalists, republicans and anarchists. Second, I do not consider the notion of ‘heresy’ as a romantic way of praising some exceptional and nonconformist individuals. In fac
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,Conclusion: Decolonising Europe, or the Subversive Roots of European Federalism, |
Federico Ferretti |
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Abstract
In this conclusion, I stress the vitality of federalist and radical Risorgimento’s legacies in a plurality of political and intellectual endeavours of the following century, including European (and world) federalism and anti-fascism. Thus, I argue for rediscovering the plural, decolonial and subversive roots of that movement to nourish current debates on cosmopolitanism and decoloniality. This includes the field of so-called ‘critical geopolitics’ questioning the pertinence of notions such as state and bounded territory to investigate geography and politics, calling attention to social movements and different forms of decision-making and territorial organisation. All these ideas will be paramount in countering the current waves of racism, xenophobia, nationalism and obscurantism by fostering cultures of respect for diversity together with civil liberties and social justice.
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Back Matter |
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Abstract
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书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900影响因子(影响力)
书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900影响因子(影响力)学科排名
书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900网络公开度
书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900网络公开度学科排名
书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900被引频次
书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900被引频次学科排名
书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900年度引用
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书目名称Geographies of Federalism during the Italian Risorgimento, 1796–1900读者反馈
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发表于 2025-3-21 16:44:06
