Titlebook: Genetic Studies in Model Organisms; From Classical to Mo Kwang-Wook Choi Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under e

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Mendel’s Principles of Inheritance and the Chromosome Theory6, Gregor Mendel published the basic principles of inheritance from his studies on the hybridization of garden peas. This chapter will discuss Mendel’s experiments using seven plant variants and his interpretations of the data. Mendel’s laws of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment were

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Genetic Model Organismsas easy culture and large cellular structures. Genetic model organisms have additional properties such as efficient mating, mutagenesis, and fecundity. All model organisms have advantages and limitations. Choosing the most appropriate organism is critical in studying specific biological questions. T

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Recombination and Chromosomal Rearrangementsrgo various structural changes spontaneously or through environmental factors. Mutation and recombination in the genome are driving forces for variations in evolution. In this chapter, we will discuss one of the most important discoveries since Mendel’s work: Alfred Sturtevant’s findings of recombin

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Non-Mendelian Genetics: Finding of Transposable Elements in Corns and Flies same chromosome do not obey these rules as they are linked. Chromosomal recombination and translocation can also result in deviations from Mendelian laws. One of the most aberrant genetic segregations can be seen in selfish DNA elements like transposons. The transmission of transposons is unpredict

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Transposable Elements II: Insertional Mutagenesisice. The finding of the mobile P element led to the application of transposon as an insertional mutagen. X-rays and chemical mutagens are potent, but it is challenging to identify the mutated genes. A critical advantage of transposon mutagenesis is that the inserted transposon DNA can quickly identi

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Genetic Analysis by Targeted Misexpression and Gene Silencing from altered mutant phenotypes in genetic model organisms. Phenotypes are expressed mainly by loss-of-function mutations. However, loss-of-function mutations can often be compensated by the function of related genes or parallel pathways, causing hurdles in gene function studies. In such cases, gain

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Targeted Mutagenesisn mammalian systems are significantly limited due to difficulties in isolating mutants. Gene knockout technology using homologous recombination drastically changed research trends in mice. Reverse genetic approaches for targeted mutagenesis allowed a generation of mutations in any cloned genes. This