Titlebook: Galactic Bulges; Proceedings of the 1 Herwig Dejonghe,Harm J. Habing Conference proceedings 1993 Kluwer Academic Publishers 1993 Bulge.Gala

口诀法

狗舍

The Global Properties of Planetary Nebulae in the Galactic BulgeAfter a discussion of the methods used to derive the physical parameters of planetary nebulae and their central stars, the global properties of planetary nebulae in the Galactic bulge are reviewed, and compared to those of planetary nebulae in different contexts.

Firefly

Photometric Properties of Extragalactic BulgesThe “unresolved nuclear region” as Hubble (1926) indicated the bulge of spiral galaxies, became a physically distinct component with the introduction by Baade (1944) of the concept of stellar populations.

fulcrum

Summary: Achievements and Open QuestionsWithout attempting to cover all of the topics discussed at this meeting, I plan to talk briefly about some of the major achievements and ideas that came up here, and then mention a few of the important open questions and some work that might be done to answer them.

NAIVE

FANG

固执点好

Long-Period Variables and Carbon Stars in the Galactic Bulgeira evolutionary phase. There is evidence that Miras in the LMC and the Bulge occupy different parts of the instability strip but obey the same PLC relation. The Bulge contains at least 2 x 10. Miras of which 100 or so have luminosities in excess of M. = -5 mag. The Mira phase lasts more than 10. yr

Foregery

短程旅游

娴熟

The Globular Cluster and Horizontal Branch Content of the Bulge and Halo Bulge place modest constraints on the early history of these regions and possible interactions between them. The extant data are fragmentary, and the conclusions correspondingly uncertain. The observables are HB morphology, heavy element abundance, and space density. The data base is constrained by