Titlebook: GNSS Atmospheric Seismology; Theory, Observations Shuanggen Jin,R. Jin,X.‘Liu Book 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 Earthquake

针叶树

迎合

不连贯

TEM

Seismo-ionospheric Rayleigh WavesMonitoring and understanding of seismic ionospheric disturbances can provide insights on earthquake rupture, solid Earth and ionospheric coupling and ionospheric variations’ behaviors.

有斑点

Summary and ProspectiveThe worldwide seismometers could estimate rapidly the location, the magnitude and the focal mechanism of earthquakes, but the detailed rupture process and seismic anomalies are still difficult to be monitored precisely and understood well due to limited observations or the lack of dense near field observations.

洞察力

Atmospheric Changes and Observationsndispensable to the survival of life on Earth and also protective for life on Earth. With developments and advances in space technologies, human activities are involving into the upper atmosphere and space, and therefore monitoring and study on Earth’s atmosphere and space environments have become a

产生

Perigee

Pre-seismic Ionospheric Anomaliesage to civilian property. Therefore, monitoring and forecasting the earthquake is one of the hot topics all the time. Ones try to find some possible pre-seismic anomalies through various methods and observations. However, it is still challenging to obtain convincing pre-earthquake anomalies or evide

pineal-gland

排出

Epicenter from Ionospheric Disturbancesation and rescue of the earthquake destruction. Meanwhile, the epicenter parameter is also the fundamental for the study of earthquake precursory, evolution process, and long-term material migration. In traditional study of seismology, the epicenter is determined by the seismic wave detected by seve