Titlebook: Evolutionary Ecology of Neotropical Freshwater Fishes; Thomas M. Zaret Book 1984 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 1984 ecology.evoluti

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Scale-eating in characoids and other fishes, of some lepidophagous characoids are presented and compared to other scale-eating species. The diversity of morphology, habits, and behavior of scale-eating fishes is great, and few patterns are shared by the specialized scale-eaters. Except for modified teeth, no morphological characteristic permi

troponins

Grazing responses of tropical freshwater fishes to different scales of variation in their food,ls to differences in the primary productivity of habitats available to the fishes. Fishes may respond to this variation on some scales but not others. For example, loricariid catfish in a Panamanian stream tracked variation in algal productivity among pool habitats very closely. In sunny pools where

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Fish communities along environmental gradients in a system of tropical streams,ed in annual rainfall, degree of canopy shading, and topographical relief. Benthic invertebrates were more abundant in riffles than in pools and more abundant in early (January) than late (March) dry season. In addition, benthos abundances were negatively correlated with canopy shading among study r

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armistice

The evolutionary ecology of respiratory mode in fishes: an analysis based on the costs of breathings essay seeks to provide a theoretical framework in which to understand this diversity of respiratory mode. Consideration of oxygen as a resource shows that it is scarce in relation to demand and that an inadequate supply limits activity, growth, reproduction, and ultimately, survival. Thus, there s

mitral-valve

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Natural and sexual selection on color patterns in poeciliid fishes,nd sexual dichromism, or between degree of dichromism and color pattern polymorphism. Factors are discussed which influence the evolution of color pattern polymorphisms, sexual dimorphism and dichromism. Detailed studies of South American species have shown that the color patterns of poeciliid fishe

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Gondwana and neotropical galaxioid fish biogeography,land, New Caledonia, South America and South Africa, and include 4 families, 11 genera, and about 45 species. Biogeographers have disagreed on the interpretation of this distributional pattern, shared by many Southern Hemisphere taxa. Both ecological and systematic data are important in resolving wh

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On measuring niches and not measuring them,differed significantly from chance expectations. We provide test statistics and a method for calculating confidence intervals for 3 overlap measures based on: (1) the likelihood ratio statistic; (2) the chi-square goodness-of-fit statistic; and (3) the Freeman-Tukey statistic. We also provide a mean