Titlebook: European E-Democracy in Practice; Leonhard Hennen,Ira van Keulen,Rasmus Øjvind Niels Book‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and T

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Experience with Digital Tools in Different Types of e-Participationter instrument. A special section examines e-participation at EU-level, from deliberative citizens’ involvement projects and e-consultation to the European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI) and e-petitions to the European Parliament. Findings show that digital tools enhance direct and participative democra

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Binding Decision-Makingtors for an often-claimed increase of turnout exist, and, in general, scaling up online elections to a larger framework than the rather restricted ones analysed in this chapter requires major efforts with regard to legal, technical and social aspects.

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