Titlebook: Epigenetic Alterations in Oncogenesis; Adam R. Karpf Book 2013 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to

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Angela Nikelski,Annette Nauerthcert with other epigenetic mechanisms (such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, changes in histone variants, as well as small noncoding regulatory RNAs) play essential roles in the control of gene expression. Here, we discuss the mechanisms and factors that regulate nucleosome position and gene expression in normal and cancer cells.

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Nucleosome Occupancy and Gene Regulation During Tumorigenesiscert with other epigenetic mechanisms (such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, changes in histone variants, as well as small noncoding regulatory RNAs) play essential roles in the control of gene expression. Here, we discuss the mechanisms and factors that regulate nucleosome position and gene expression in normal and cancer cells.

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978-1-4899-8558-3The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Busines

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DNA Methyltransferases, DNA Damage Repair, and Cancergenes, an array of DNA repair genes frequently sustain promoter hypermethylation in a variety of tumors. In addition, DNMT1, but not the DNMT3s, appear to function coordinately with DNA damage repair pathways to protect cells from sustaining mutagenic events, which is very likely through a DNA methy

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DNA Hypomethylation and Hemimethylation in Cancer alter transcription rates. In ­addition, cancer-associated intragenic DNA hypomethylation might modulate ­alternative promoter usage, ­production of intragenic noncoding RNA transcripts, cotranscriptional splicing, and transcription initiation or elongation. Initial studies of hemimethylation of DN

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Ten Eleven Translocation Enzymes and 5-Hydroxymethylation in Mammalian Development and Cancerpes of cancer, affecting their activity and likely altering genomic 5hmC and 5mC patterns. Furthermore, oxidation of 5mC appears to be a step in several active DNA demethylation pathways, which may be important for normal processes, as well as global hypomethylation during cancer development and pro

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Altered Histone Modifications in Cancerterns also appear to reflect a correlation with altered histone modifications at both the candidate loci and genome-wide level. Clarity is emerging in resolving these relationships between histone modification status and gene expression ­patterns. For example, altered transcription factor interactio

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DNA Hypomethylation and Activation of Germline-Specific Genes in Cancer in tumors. Moreover, as CG genes encode tumor-specific antigens, their activation in cancer highlights a direct link between epigenetic alterations and tumor immunity. As a result, clinical trials combining epigenetic drugs with anti-CG antigen vaccines are being considered.