Titlebook: Enzymatic Reactions in Organic Media; A. M. P. Koskinen (Professor of Organic Chemistry) Book 1996 Chapman & Hall 1996 Resol.organic chemi

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Enzymes in organic solvents: meeting the challenges,n the drug market, where single-enantiomer drugs currently occupy a share of some 35 billion US dollars (1). Two-thirds of the world market of the top 25 selling drug wholesale final forms is covered by enantiopure compounds, and the sales are steadily growing at an average annual rate of nearly 7%

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Modes of using enzymes in organic media,of a moderate amount of organic solvent is a straightforward way to increase the solubility of hydrophobic substrates and thereby make the reaction feasible. Both water-miscible and water-immiscible solvents can be used. In the latter case, two-phase systems are obtained with the enzyme and other hy

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New enzymatic properties in organic media,mes suspended in organic solvents was first observed almost 30 years ago (Dastoli et al., 1966) the research in this area had progressed to only a limited extent till the early 1980s. The first reports covered mostly hydrolytic enzymes and dealt primarily with applied aspects of biocatalysis in non-

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flavonoids

Hydrolase-catalysed asymmetric and other transformations of synthetic interest,n anhydrous organic solvent (.). Dry enzyme powder is insoluble in such a system, and consequently the biotransformation proceeds by heterogeneous catalysis. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified enzymes are able to dissolve in organic solvents, making homogeneous catalysis feasible as well (., .).

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Peptide synthesis,d side-chain protection requirement, and the enzyme’s high chemo-, regio-, and enantiospecificity. For instance, Z-.-Asp-.-Phe-OMe, a precursor of an artificial sweetener aspartame, was synthesized from Z- . -Asp-OH and .-Phe-OMe in the presence of a protease (thermolysin) (3). A chemical condensati

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