Titlebook: Endoscopy of the Spine; Principle and Practi Tun Hing Lui Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licens

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说不出

Single Machine Models (Deterministic)head. This chapter describes a step-by-step technique for fully endoscopic foraminoplasty with high-speed drill under direct visualization, followed by discectomy to treat thoracic disc herniations, and its unique advantages to achieve adequate decompression with uniportal transforaminal/retropleural approach under local anesthesia.

走调

troponins

CRUC

Nerve-Block

Full Endoscopic Posterior Decompression for Thoracic Myelopathy Caused by Ossified Ligamentum Flavumion for TOLF remain controversial. Improvements in surgical techniques and endoscopic devices could extend the indications for some complex characteristics of TOLF, such as bilateral lesions and dural ossification.

可憎

Book 2023uction of surgical techniques for treatment of diseases in spine with better surgical outcome and less surgical morbidity. Endoscopic procedures with their advantage in surgical exposure and post-operative rehabilitation have been extensively performed in orthopedic diseases. Cases presentation with

Nomadic

指数

Extricate

Transoral Endoscopic Resection of High Cervical OsteophytesC2 osteophyte. It has been resected using this transoral endoscopic approach..This technique allows a safe route to approach these midline lesions of upper cervical spine. This approach has the advantage of excellent visualization to facilitate the resection and minimizing the complication rates.