Titlebook: Emerging and Evolving Topics in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Treatments; Anne C. La Flamme,Jacqueline Monique Orian Book 2015 The E

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Jizhe Xia,Qunying Huang,Zhipeng Gui,Wei Tuover, it is extremely difficult to measure clinical disability in patients, which is often a retrospective assessment, and definitely not within the time frame of a clinical trial. Biomarkers, conversely are more specific for a pathologic process and if used correctly can prove invaluable in the dia

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Interesting Classes of Surfaces,ping world; this proposal has been termed the hygiene or old friends hypothesis. The epidemiology of MS shows an inverse correlation with helminth infections. Positive effects of helminths in animal models of MS and observational studies in people with MS naturally infected with helminths suggest th

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978-3-319-34846-9The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerl

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Emerging and Evolving Topics in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Treatments978-3-319-25543-9Series ISSN 1866-3370 Series E-ISSN 1866-3389

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Sex-Based Differences in Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Part II: Rising Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis ine mechanisms to contribute to the preferential rise in MS incidence in women. Despite the strong female bias in MS incidence, culminating evidence from natural history studies, and imaging and pathology studies suggests that males who develop MS may exhibit a more rapid decline in disability and co

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The Role of Environment and Lifestyle in Determining the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis,UVR) exposure habits/vitamin D status, and smoking. We have also reviewed a number of additional environmental factors, published in the past 5 years, that have been described to influence MS risk. Independent replication, preferably by a variety of methods, may give still more firm evidence for the