Titlebook: Ecophysiology of Spiders; Wolfgang Nentwig Book 1987 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1987 adaptation.biology.chemistry.ecology.ecophysio

Repetitions

Behavioural and Physiological Adaptations to Coldthe polar regions (Leech 1966; K. Thaler 1975) or upper regions of high mountains (Savory 1977; K. Thaler 1980). The air temperature in some of these habitats can fall as low as −57 °C (Leech 1966). The spiders of the lower reaches of the temperate climate zones do not have to face such extremes; no

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misshapen

Moulting Hormones knowledge in this field. However, research on the hormonal physiology of certain groups of mandibulate arthropods such as myriapods and most chelicerate arthropods began late and only a few contributions have been published for these two groups. In 1968, Krishnakumaran and Schneiderman were pioneer

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Glandular Aspects of Sexual Biologyout mutual arousal and reduced aggressivity before mating can occur. There is total separation between the male’s genital tract, located in the opisthosoma, and the copulatory bulb carried by the pedipalp, a prosomal appendage. As a result, the male must achieve a highly unusual “sperm transmission”

DEFT

Communication with Chemicals: Pheromones and Spiderscial stimulus, the signal (see J.R. Krebs and Dawkins 1984; Jackson 1982a; W.J. Smith 1977). During intraspecific interactions, spiders employ a wide variety of signals which may be exchanged over chemical, visual, vibratory, tactile or auditory sensory channels. Chemical signals, or semiochemicals,

paroxysm

老巫婆

情节剧

Ecological Aspects of Spider Webss, snares, cocoons, draglines, etc. Since nearly all interactions between spider and environment are silk-mediated, this substance deserves treatment from the demecological or synecological point of view.

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Structure and Function of the Digestive Tractmaterial is swallowed into the intestine where it is subjected to further and final digestion. Together with this peculiar method of food consumption, we find a number of anatomical adaptations and physiological adjustments, the functional relationship of which has been studied since the early works

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Spider Venoms and Their Effectopportunity of contact due to their lifestyle, i.e. contact may have been accidental, therefore their venomosity has not been recorded. Examples of the last consideration are the “new” venomous species which are still being “discovered”, e.g. the theridiid . (Maretić et al. 1964) or the theraphosid