Titlebook: Crystalline Bacterial Cell Surface Layers; Uwe B. Sleytr,Paul Messner,Margit Sára Conference proceedings 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heide

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= chamber). When it became evident that only the cells of plants and fungi, but not those of animals, possess a rigid wall consisting of distinct polymers, namely cellulose and chitin, respectively, this property was considered as one of the important cytological criteria separating the animal and

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terial cell walls were already found in the 1950’s (Houwink 1956). Common to all archaeobacteria is the lack of muramic acid, which proved to be true for some eubacterial genera. Unlike most eubacteria, the archaeobacteria possess no common cell wall polymer. They have developed diverse cell envelop

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surface layers (S-layers) (Sleytr and Messner, 1983, Sleytr et al. 1986a). Thus, S-layers appear to be a universal rather than a unique feature of prokaryotic cells. Quantitative calculations have revealed that S-layers can account for up to 10% of the total cell protein and therefore represent the

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Procuring White Femininity in the Colonies, cell envelope composed of a pseudomurein sacculus and an S-layer (Fig.1a; Stetter et al. 1981). Each layer could be specifically removed: the S-layer with detergent or pronase (Stetter et al. 1981) and the pseudomurein sacculi of freshly harvested cells with a pseudomurein endopeptidase from . (Fig

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Procuring White Femininity in the Colonies, 1980). Among Archaebacteria, the methanogens exhibit various types of cell envelopes (Kandier and König 1985), some of them being protein surface-layers associated with carbohydrates. . OPF (Zehnder et al. 1980) and . GP6 (Patel 1984) present similar characteristics and have been recently proposed

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