Titlebook: Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction; Filippo Crea,Gaetano A. Lanza,Paolo G. Camici Book 2014 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s

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Book 2014in several cardiovascular diseases. On the basis of the clinical setting in which it occurs, coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) can be classified into four types: CMD in the absence of any other cardiac disease; CMD in myocardial diseases; CMD in obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease;

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Photosynthesis, CO2 and Plant Productionn. The various intrinsic (i.e., vascular) and extrinsic (extravascular) physiologic mechanisms involved in the fine regulation of myocardial blood flow (MBF) are described. We then discuss the general principles responsible for the adaptation of MBF to various physiological and pathological conditio

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The Dynamics of Markets and Work Structures,, intracoronary Doppler recording) methods and techniques proposed to assess coronary microvascular function in the clinical setting and to identify the various mechanisms of CMD. . and . of each method are discussed and compared.

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Respiratory Metabolism in Wheatced CFR, before any obstructive stenosis can be detected in epicardial coronary arteries. The occurrence of chest pain in the absence of any other cardiac or systemic disease results in the clinical picture of primary microvascular angina (MVA), which usually presents with a stable, exercise-related

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Health promotion in the workplace,curs during treatment of saphenous vein grafts. In about one-third of patients distal embolization causes ., which are suggested by a transient increase of markers of myocardial necrosis and can be detected by CMR. Evidence of cardiac necrosis is associated with a worse prognosis. Myocardial necrosi

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Is There an Acceptable Level of Use?,ffects on coronary microcirculation in dilated cardiomyopathy. Whether improvement of CMD is associated with some favorable clinical effect, however, remains to be established. There are no studies assessing the effects of therapies in aortic stenosis, myocarditis, and amyloidosis, whereas treatment