Titlebook: Comprehensive Diagnostic Approach to Bladder Cancer; Molecular Imaging an Marc A. Bjurlin,Richard S. Matulewicz Book 2021 The Editor(s) (if

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Evaluation of Hematuria,s either gross (visible) or microscopic (not visible). Patients with gross hematuria have a much higher likelihood of an underlying malignant cause and generally require prompt evaluation. Alternatively, the definition of clinically significant microscopic hematuria varies among different specialtie

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Molecular Imaging Modalities: Applications of Current and Novel Radiotracers, or assessment of distant metastatic disease but is of limited utility for primary tumor staging due to urinary excretion of the radiotracer. .C-choline and .C-acetate both overcome the issue of urinary excretion, but their short half-life necessitates an onsite cyclotron. Ongoing studies aim to eva

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Urine Cytology in the Clinical Management of Bladder Cancer,e diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial malignancies. Advances in cytopathological technique as well as the advent of robust classification systems such as the Paris System have led to improvements in the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of urinary tract cytology to identify clinically signifi

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Urinary Biomarkers: Current Status and Future Opportunities,. Adjunctive cytology, which has acceptable performance for detection of high-grade lesions but not for low-grade lesions, suffers from significant interobserver and inter-institutional variability. In addition, an atypical cytology adds diagnostic uncertainty especially in the surveillance setting.

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Novel and Investigational Diagnostics: Liquid Biopsy and Beyond,c diagnostic technologies have enabled the isolation and characterization of several different types of tumor-derived materials that are shed into the peripheral blood of cancer patients, including circulating tumor cells and cell-free circulating tumor DNA. As a noninvasive means of detecting and m

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Comprehensive Diagnostic Approach to Bladder CancerMolecular Imaging an