Titlebook: Comparative Government and Politics; An Introduction Rod Hague,Martin Harrop,Shaun Breslin Textbook 1992Latest edition Macmillan Publishers

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Political Culturetury, and rulers the world over have taken his saying to their hearts. For instance, under communist rule in the Soviet Union two- and three-year-olds were taught to sing nursery songs about Lenin; four- and five-year-olds to decorate his portrait; and six-year-olds were allowed to lay flowers at Le

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Political Participationical participation is activity by individuals formally intended to influence who governs or how they do so. This chapter examines the overall patterns of citizen involvement in politics. The next chapter looks specifically at participation through the ballot box. Participation by groups rather than

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Interest Groupswilling to come out in the middle of the night to fix a leak. (This being New Zealand, the premier’s number was in the phone book, even if plumbers go ex-directory after hours.) A plumber soon arrived on her doorstep thanks to Holland’s direct intervention (Du Fresne 1989). Another story — undeniabl

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Political Partiesreas the aim of interest groups is to influence the state, the political party seeks to occupy the decisive positions of authority within it. Thus the defining characteristics of a political party are:

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The Constitutional Framework liberal democracies. This was because liberal democracy is partly defined as constitutional government: that is, as government in accordance with, and limited by, formal rules. In addition, several liberal democracies — including Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and Sweden — have a

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Assembliesst 1991 an eight-man junta of hard-line communist ministers and officials attempted a coup in the Soviet Union. With President Gorbachev under house arrest in his holiday home on the Black Sea, the ‘White House’ (the parliament building of the Russian Federation in Moscow) became the leading focus o

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