Titlebook: Coherence in the Midst of Complexity; Advances in Social C Hugo Letiche,Michael Lissack,Ron Schultz Book 2011 Hugo Letiche, Michael Lissack

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现实

Canvas

https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-37345-4he study of complex systems has made major inroads in the mathematical world, but fewer inroads in the realm of social and organizational studies. Part of the lack of progress involves difficulties in traversing from abstract theoretical- or probability-based models to the perceived “real” world of

dry-eye

Water-Brash

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The Geometry of Influence Functions,son (1977, 1979) first used the term “affordance” to refer to actionable properties between world and actor (a person or animal). To Gibson, affordances are relationships. They exist naturally; they do not have to be visible, known, or desirable. As his student Norman (1988) would later phrase it: “

陶器

https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-37345-4es not work; only ex post facto can one define processes as if they were structures. Ascribed coherence avoids the preconscious, nonverbal, and not-yet-defined quality of emergence. It also abandons the present, the experiential, and the living. Ascription does not share in emergence or fully reflec

Feckless

Approximate Methods for Gaining Efficiency,n. Complexification, development, and renewal may provide emergent energy, but their instability can also endanger existence. Becoming may lead to constant creation, activity, and participation, but will the result be able to sustain itself as organization? As we have seen, affordances can offer lot

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David W. Scott,Heinz-Peter Schmitzgether of affordance with sagacity, that is, preparedness. If one treats emergence and its impacts as only the product of luck, then miracles and nasty surprises are the likely results. The opposite of sagacity is a lack of preparedness: “The ingredients include risks that are erroneously thought to

neutrophils

Introduction to Semiparametric Models,With this chapter, we begin our in-depth discussion of our four primary concepts.