Titlebook: Climate Modelling; Philosophical and Co Elisabeth A. Lloyd,Eric Winsberg Book 2018 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 Cli

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Vasculitides and Related Diseasesmillennium, due to their reliance on tree-ring data from tree-line-proximal environments. Once large volcanic episodes are masked, these comparisons instead support a mid-range of ~3 °C of ECS. Regardless of the reason for the model/paleodata discrepancy, ECS estimates—I argue—should not rely on comparisons that include these episodes.

要素

Sjögren’s Syndrome, IgG4-Related Disordersons, lake effects, and the atmospheric response to complex terrain. To achieve higher resolution, a variety of so-called downscaling methods have been developed. This chapter reviews these methods and the results of applying them to the regional climate change problem.

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Satellite Data and Climate Modelse Douglass paper, while the full story is in Chap. 5, a reprint of the Santer et al. (2008a) paper. The context and import of this work is discussed in Lloyd (Chap. 6). In this introduction, Lloyd emphasizes the timeliness of this work, as climate deniers testify in Congress presently.

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Modeling Climate Policies: The Social Cost of Carbon and Uncertainties in Climate Predictionsnt moral dimensions of the climate problem. Yet it is an open question to what extent an alternative, precautionary approach can result in specific policy recommendations such as the temperature targets of the Paris agreement.

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Sjögren’s Syndrome, IgG4-Related Disorderscount of testing and evaluation, and contrast it with the basic hypothetico-deductive approach to the climate models used by the direct empiricists. This more developed complex empiricist approach will serve philosophy of science well, as computational models become more widespread in the sciences.