Titlebook: Cardiac Surgical Complications; Strategic Analysis a Sandhya K. Balaram,Levi Bassin Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(

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Cardiac Access,ed planning prior to the day of surgery. This section describes strategic aspects of safe entry and exposure, emphasizing how imaging and formal assessment at the outset lead to a reduction in adverse events.

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lve and mitigate potential complications in cardiac surgery. Consequently, it is a valuable resource for all trainee and practicing cardiac surgeons, anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians..  .978-3-030-71565-6978-3-030-71563-2

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Cardiac Access,s complications associated with methods of entry into the thoracic cavity. These include standard median sternotomy, hemi-sternotomy, mid-anterior thoracotomy, mini-lateral thoracotomy, and anterior thoracotomy. Both open and minimally invasive access incisions are reviewed, focusing on technical su

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Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,y requires the understanding that the heart is inherently at risk at all times prior to revascularization due to its underlying ischemic burden. Human factors, judgment, and intraoperative decision-making are critical to safe surgery in this setting. Sudden changes in hemodynamics can be caused by C

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Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery,uiring a bloodless field for repair, aortic surgery has potential complications that can directly affect all the organ systems of the body. Preparation requires thoughtful planning, particularly in the setting of complex dynamic issues such as acute dissection or chronic pseudoaneurysm..In contrast,

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