Titlebook: Businessmen, Clientelism, and Authoritarianism in Egypt; Safinaz El Tarouty Book 2015 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Nature America Inc

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Neuroanatomical Structure of the MCH System, comparison to other candidates who lost their elections.. In a cross-national study in 47 countries, Maria Faccio estimates that politically connected firms received a cumulative abnormal return of 1.28 percent when their officers became members of parliament. These returns increased in countries with widespread corruption.

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Book 2015d its collapse. Here, Safinaz El Tarouty provides an original contribution to the study of authoritarianism in Egypt by focusing on the role of businessmen in authoritarian survival. As the regime intensified neoliberal economic reforms that led to social deprivation and frustration among increasing

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Away from Education: Step-by-Step, percent in 1995. Moreover, four businessmen were appointed to the 2004 Ahmed Nazif Cabinet, and two years later their number rose to six. In 2002, the President’s son Gamal Mubarak headed the Policies Secretariat in the National Democratic Party (NDP), and a large number of businessmen were appointed to the Secretariat.

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Introduction, percent in 1995. Moreover, four businessmen were appointed to the 2004 Ahmed Nazif Cabinet, and two years later their number rose to six. In 2002, the President’s son Gamal Mubarak headed the Policies Secretariat in the National Democratic Party (NDP), and a large number of businessmen were appointed to the Secretariat.

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Introduction,ks to contribute to the literature on authoritarian survival. It examines the survival of Hosni Mubarak’s regime for three decades (October 1981–February 2011). by focusing specifically on the role of businessmen in both supporting and opposing the regime. Since the 1990s, the visibility of business

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The Uprising, Authoritarianism, and Political Transformation,he early 1990s produced some success, like an increase in the growth rate of the gross domestic product (GDP) by an average of 4.5 percent over the previous two decades.. In 2007, foreign direct investment increased to $11 billion compared to $400 million in 2004, and Egypt’s exports increased by 20

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Egyptian Businessmen in a Historical Perspective,upation (1882–1952). I argue that Egyptian capitalists like Talaat Harb refused foreign interference in the economy and established local industries and companies. Then the chapter examines businessmen under Nasser, Sadat, and Mubarak during the 1980s. I argue that the political economy of authorita

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Parliamentary Businessmen,nstance, in an analysis of the British House of Commons, Andrew Eggers and Jens Hainmueller argue that members of the Conservative Party used their political influence to obtain lucrative outside employment. Winning a seat doubled a member of parliament’s (MP) wealth over the course of a lifetime in

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The Social Networks of the Mubarak Family and the Businessmen,nships that developed between Mubarak with certain businessmen. This chapter argues that there are businessmen who did not engage in politics, for example, by running for parliamentary elections or joining political parties but who developed personal clientelistic relationships with Mubarak as well