Titlebook: Breastfeeding and Metabolic Programming; Özlem Naciye Şahin,Despina D. Briana,Gian Carlo Di Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th

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and updated information.This comprehensive and updated book focuses on breastfeeding and its long-term effects which affect health and development, providing a protective metabolic programming against chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome and hypertension..

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56007-1ydrates, lipids, and proteins. Breast milk contains bioactive compounds that play particularly significant roles at critical points when the central nervous, gastrointestinal, and immune systems are maturing. Infants breastfeeding are less prone to respiratory, middle ear, and gastrointestinal infections.

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Breast Milk Oligosaccharidesigh levels. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in mature human milk are even more abundant than milk proteins. They are usually present at a concentration of 5–15 g/L, which means that, if the water content is disregarded, they are exceeded in amount only by disaccharide lactose and milk fats [1, 2].

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Renal Physiology of Pregnancynificant volume expansion and vasodilation characterize kidney and systemic hemodynamics. Renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) rise by as much as 80% relative to pre-pregnancy values. Healthcare providers, to best serve their pregnant patients, need a thorough understanding of all how pregnancy changes their bodies [1–3].

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Patrick Poullie,Burkhard Stillerroup is reflective of the great significance lactation plays in nourishing the young of all mammalian species, including humans. Indeed, lactation is said to have created a unique nutritional environment in this group of organisms [1].

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