Titlebook: Bone Regulators and Osteoporosis Therapy; Paula H. Stern Book 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Bone.Bone cell regulators.Osteoporo

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William E. Russell,Robert S. Carverre risk. However, glucocorticoids may also interfere with the unmineralized matrix leading to an increase in fracture risk, not mirrored in BMD changes. Some drugs such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), paracetamol, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may not per se b

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Vitamin D and Bone,increase the availability of calcium for bone mineralization. Specific actions of 1,25(OH).D. on the intestine, kidney, and bone needed to maintain calcium homeostasis are summarized, and the impact of vitamin D status on bone health is discussed.

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Prostaglandins and Bone,, as expected for such a widespread local factor, hard to study. Some of the complexity of PGE. actions on bone can be explained by the fact that there are four receptors for PGE. (EP1–4). Some of the major actions of PGE. in vitro occur via EP2 and EP4, both of which can stimulate cAMP signaling, b

思想

Calcium and Bone,als which demonstrate anti-fracture efficacy of estrogens and bisphosphonates in the absence of such supplementation. Thus, calcium supplements have only a minor place in contemporary medical practice.

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The Central Regulation of Bone Mass: Genetic Evidence and Molecular Bases,esis revealed that, in vivo, the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin is a powerful inhibitor of bone mass accrual following its signaling in the brain. This chapter details the molecular bases and biological relevance of this regulation of bone mass accrual by leptin.

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Genetics of Skeletal Disorders,detailed clinical assessment of the wide variety of symptoms and signs associated with these diseases. Thus, clinicians should undertake a systematic approach commencing with careful history taking and physical examination, followed by appropriate laboratory and skeletal imaging investigations. Fina

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Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis,enesis also contributes to bone deterioration with aging and osteoporosis; hence the factors and signaling pathways mediating osteoblast formation and function will be examined. Osteocytes are mature osteoblasts embedded in bone matrix and act as endocrine cells; their role in bone health and pathol

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Structural and Metabolic Assessment of Bone,e by histology as well as micro-computed tomography and infra-red spectroscopy or backscattered electron microscopy. Force can be directly applied to bone samples to measure the bones strength. Impact microindentation is a new minimally invasive technique that measures bone hardness. Metabolic asses