Titlebook: Biomarkers in Diabetes; Vinood B. Patel,Victor R. Preedy Reference work 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 Type 2 Diabetes.insulin a

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94545-8ure, and are mainly characterized by insulin resistance (IR). Moreover, epidemiological and clinical research has shown that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is continually associated with IR, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. Therefore, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94545-8, due to an increase in free radicals, insulin resistance, and disruption in beta cells activity. The increase of triglyceride storage in adipose tissue due to obesity results in adipocyte hypertrophy, in which infiltrated macrophages, enhancing the pro-inflammatory state. Both hepatokines and adipo

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Konjunkturen und ihre Ursachen,iabetes. Elevated uric acid level causes oxidative stress, leads to the activation of inflammatory processes, inhibits insulin pathway, and increases hepatic glucose production and dysfunction and death of pancreatic beta cells. Serum uric acid levels are found to be high in the early stages of impa

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Konjunkturen und ihre Ursachen,ria progresses to overt proteinuria, a gradual decline in the glomerular filtration rate, and, eventually, renal failure. Currently, urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is widely used to indicate early phases of DKD, although it is limited by the fact that structural damage might precede albumin excreti

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-13252-3o acids and lipids as well as glucose. Concentrations of 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), a specific intermediary metabolite in the degradation of the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) valine, show a strong and stepwise increase in the circulation of people with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, at least

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,Grundzüge der Konjunkturerklärung,e has shown remarkable expansion worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetic complications comprise kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Moreover, metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurologic diseases have shared common pathways with T2DM. Proteomics is a technology in

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Ziele und Instrumente der Konjunkturpolitik,ased risk of developing diabetes. Saliva is a biofluid rich in more analytes, proteins, peptides, and an alternative for serum/plasma to identify disease markers. Increased salivary CRP concentration is due to the low-grade inflammation associated with type 2-diabetes (T2D). This chapter focuses on

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Konjunktur und Wachstum Theorie und Politikith underlying type 1 or type 2 diabetes. According to the most recent data from the International Diabetes Federation, gestational diabetes mellitus affects 16.7% of all pregnant women, and approximately 21.1 million babies are born to pregnant women with diabetes each year. There are many factors