Titlebook: Basic Physiology; Paul D. Sturkie (Emeritus Professor of Physiology) Textbook 1981 Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 1981 Basic.Physiologie.Ti

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Hans-Günther Rossbach,Martin Wellenreuthere visceral control centers are concerned with the maintenance of a constant internal environment. All of the visceral systems—cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal, metabolic, renal, reproductive, and respiratory—are affected by the activity of these neural control centers.

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Friederike Heinzel,Annedore Prengele up of intracellular and extracellular compartments, which may be subdivided as shown in Table 12.1. Intracellular water comprises 70% of total body water; however this varies depending on the subject’s age, and the amount of lean body tissue (Table 12.2). Body water is higher in lean than in fatty

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Geschlechtervielfalt in der Grundschulees. These are the red (erythrocytes) and white (leukocytes) corpuscles which account for roughly 45% of total blood; the remainder (55%) is the plasma. The principal chemical constituents of blood are Na., K., P, Ca., glucose, the plasma proteins (albumin, globulin and fibrinogen). These proteins am

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55651-7node (AV), and the bundle of His, with right and left branches and the Purkinjie fibers. This system is composed of specialized muscle cells that have the property of automaticity, and their rate of conduction of an electrical impulse is faster than ordinary atrial and ventricular muscle. The impuls

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G. Giulioni,D. Delli Gatti,M. Gallegati the mitochondrion. Without this reaction life cannot exist for more than seconds. Coincidental with the reduction of O. is the production of CO.; this comes mainly from oxidative phosphorylation of glucose which also occurs principally in the mitochondrion.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55651-7d a less-ordered or more random state, i.e., their entropy increases. To counteract this natural tendency, organisms must continuously expend energy. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Therefore organisms must obtain energy in useful form from

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nutrition

Neuronal Activity,en central sensory and central motor centers, and from central motor centers to the effector organs (muscles and glands) must be fast and precise. The survival of the organism may depend on its ability to detect and respond rapidly to a threatening change in its environment.