Titlebook: Bacterial Persistence; Methods and Protocol Jan Michiels,Maarten Fauvart Book 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 Antibiotic

嬉耍

A Microplate-Based System as In Vitro Model of Biofilm Growth and Quantificationompounds on biofilms. Stainings to evaluate the amount of biomass (crystal violet staining) and the number of metabolically active cells (resazurin assay) are discussed and specific attention is paid to the use of this model to quantify persisters in sessile populations.

大暴雨

In Vitro Models for the Study of the Intracellular Activity of Antibioticsdel is described, consisting of (1) phagocytosis of pre-opsonized bacteria by eukaryotic cells; (2) elimination of non-internalized bacteria with gentamicin; (3) incubation of infected cells with antibiotics; and (4) determination of surviving bacteria by viable cell counting and normalization of the counts based on sample protein content.

BLAZE

A Historical Perspective on Bacterial Persistencee so-called persister state. Persister cells are increasingly being viewed as a major cause of the recurrence of chronic infectious disease and could be an important factor in the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The phenomenon of persistence was first described in the 1940s, but remained poorly

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A General Method for Measuring Persister Levels in , Culturesinvolved in the establishment of chronic infections. Persister levels depend on growth conditions. Here, we discuss the parameters that have to be considered when measuring persister levels and provide a sample protocol to do it.

Gyrate

Optimized Method for Measuring Persistence in Escherichia coli with Improved Reproducibilityle But Non-Culturable Cells (VBNCs). To date, the predominant method consists of determining the survival rate of a bacterial population after antibiotic treatment as a function of time or antibiotic concentration. Unfortunately, this method is limited, as it shows high levels of dispersion of the d

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TOXIN

Protocol for Determination of the Persister Subpopulation in , Biofilmstions of currently used antifungals. In this chapter, the method to determine the persister fraction in a . biofilm treated with an antifungal compound is described. To this end, a mature biofilm is developed and subsequently treated with a concentration series of the antifungal compound of interest

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OCTO

Excise

Single-Cell Detection and Collection of Persister Bacteria in a Directly Accessible Femtoliter Droplfabrication, femtoliter droplet array formation and concomitant enclosure of single cells, long-term culture and observation of single cells in droplets, and collection of identified persisters from single droplets are described in detail.