Titlebook: Archaeology of Iran in the Historical Period; Kamal-Aldin Niknami,Ali Hozhabri Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s),

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,The Citadel of Ulug Depe and the “Median Forts” in Western Iran,other buildings in the Central Zagros and in the western part of the Iranian Plateau and finally with Ulug Depe 1000 km afar from Ecbatana. The comparisons between the architecture of these monuments have been dealt with by several scholars since the late twentieth century until now, considering the

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Contributions for the Identification of the Human Bust on a Winged Disc in Iranian Arts,d “winged Genius”. Despite its origins to be individuated in ancient Egyptian solar prototypes, this element was adapted in Achaemenid art through Urartu and Assyria. In this author’s opinion, the solar disk with human bust probably pointed at a representation of the main deity of the Zoroastrian pa

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Glimpse of Highways Network of Achaemenid Empire: Construction, Maintenance and Service,emenid Empire. The classical source explains that Royal road were sufficiently ample and robust to support the movement of carriage and accommodate. So the fact is a work of such long and width road required a major effort by the Achaemenid State. Everything thus points to the existence of an offici

土产

A New Ionic Type Capital from the Shiyan Plain: Tracing an Important Monument of the Seleucid/Parthew traces of the Ionic architectural style have been discovered to date in the central Zagros. The available archeological finds are limited to scattered architectural remains of Ionic order in sites such as Susa and Masjed Suleiman in southwestern Iran or Nahavand and Bisotun in western Iran. The d

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Some Notes on the Numismatic Evidence for Imitations in Iran from Third to First Century B.C.,y AD in consideration. This imitation system starts with the original coinage, which is the starting point of imitations, and is ending with a new image of coinage. It’s an attempt to organize all these different kinds of imitations. Therefore we can differ between naturalistic, barbaric and abstrac

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Daggers in Parthian Iran,n the iconography of monuments in the Parthian Empire (including the sites of Shami, Susa, Hatra, Dura Europos and Ashur), daggers in sheaths attached with straps to the thigh are depicted on a number of reliefs. Coin depictions suggest that the Parthians adopted ring-pommel daggers and medallion-sc

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