Titlebook: Analysis and Presentation of Experimental Results; R. H. Leaver,T. R. Thomas Textbook 1974Latest edition R. H. Leaver and T. R. Thomas 197

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Normal Distribution,roved by mathematics; and the mathematicians because they believe it has been established by observation.’ However, for our present purposes we can assume that the Gaussian distribution is the best possible representation of the variation of small random errors.

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Errors and their Significance,lse may we combine the measurements? Finally, we may need to know whether the parameter we are measuring has suffered some change due to a change in experimental conditions; we thus seek to develop quantitative tests which will establish a balance of probability.

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Introduction,l advance in physics, the discovery of the electron. The success of their experiments depended on the production of high vacua by the mercury pump, invented by a humble German engineer in 1855. Many of the physicists concerned were quite properly rewarded with great fame and honour; the engineer was

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Simula SpringerBriefs on Computingg scientist and engineer. The present chapter is an introduction to a few of the more elementary ideas of the subject, which we believe has not previously been treated at undergraduate level; even its simplest techniques are so powerful, however, and its use is becoming so widespread, that we do not

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Introduction,eers or scientists until it has been tested in the laboratory. Anyone who has studied the history of scientific discovery could not fail to be aware of the importance of the contribution to progress and discovery made by the experimentalist, from Galileo in the seventeenth century up to the present

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Report Writing,is findings in order to inform and, hopefully, to gain the approbation of colleagues with similar interests. In an industrial setting his work is likely to have a more restricted circulation. In all cases the prime aim of the writer should be the concise and unambiguous communication of information.

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Normal Distribution,eory of errors. This is the . or . distribution. The word ‘normal’ is here used in its original sense of ‘ideal’, for it was believed for a long time that this distribution was a reflection of a universal and fundamental law of nature. If certain assumptions are made it can be ‘proved’ that the accu

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Errors and their Significance,s of error, and need to combine our measurements in some way so as to find the resultant error in some other derived variable. Again, we may have a number of samples of measurements of the same variable; under what circumstances may we pool our results, and if this proves not to be permissible how e