Titlebook: Vital Forces, Teleology and Organization; Philosophy of Nature Andrea Gambarotto Book 2018 Springer International Publishing AG 2018 Vitali

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,Functions: The Göttingen School and the Physiology of Vital Forces, and naturalists gathered under the category of the “Göttingen School,” namely Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777), Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840), Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer (1765–1844), and Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767–1851). I argue that the theoretical framework of the Göttingen School impli

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Classification: , and the Reform of Natural History,he (1749–1832), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775–1854), and Lorenz Oken (1779–1851). This chapter is organized as a counterargument to Peter Hanns Reill’s stark distinction between “Enlightenment Vitalism” and “Romantic ..” I will demonstrate that, although a difference can be identified bet

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,Functions: The Göttingen School and the Physiology of Vital Forces,ed two fundamental tenets: first, an interpretation of teleology as internal purposiveness (argued by Blumenbach), and second, a proposal to reform natural history in terms of comparative physiology, i.e. as a taxonomy of vital functions and an analysis of their distribution in the animal and plant kingdoms (articulated by Kielmeyer and Link).

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Conclusion: Hegel on Vital Forces, Teleology and Organization, for its speculative excesses. These critiques, however, establish that Hegel did not consider . something to be thoroughly rejected, but corrected and integrated. His attempt to facilitate this integration resulted in a theory of biological individuality in which teleology is understood as . purposiveness, i.e. autonomous self-organization.