Titlebook: Virtual Principles in Aircraft Structures; B. E. Gatewood Book 1989 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1989 Degrees of freedom.Rigi

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Virtual displacement and virtual force methods in structural analysis,ress analysis was made only for the beam cross section so that only the equilibrium equations were needed to get the solution. If the simple beams are assembled into a truss type structure, or into a beam with many supports, then the analysis becomes complicated again because deflection equations as

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Box beam shear stresses and deflections,bridges. However, there are many applications such as airplane wings and fuselages where the beam must take bending in two directions as well as torsional moments. This type of beam which can take all six generalized loads (three forces and three moments) will be considered in this Chapter 5.

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Shear lag in thin web structures,ulation of shear flows and stringer or stiffener loads in box beams and simple thin web structures under conditions in which the cross section analysis may not be applicable. The procedures in this Chapter also apply to local end problems for thin web beams. When concentrated loads are applied to a

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Analysis and design of joints and splices, as the components they join together, and they must be efficient in that they add very little weight to the structure. Ideally, a joint should be as strong as the structure it joins together. Actually, in most cases it is very difficult and expensive to make a joint as strong as the structure. This

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