Titlebook: Vaccine Protocols; Andrew Robinson,Michael J. Hudson,Martin P. Cranag Book 2003Latest edition Humana Press 2003

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Synthetic Peptides, identify the antigenic sites on the pathogens that are involved in stimulating protective immunity. Armed with this knowledge, it is possible to mimic such sites by producing short chains of amino acids (peptides), and to use these as the basis for novel vaccines. The earliest documented work on pe

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conference

Preparation of Polysaccharide-Conjugate Vaccines,rinciple has since been applied successfully to improve the immunogenicity of (poly)saccharides (.,.). We now know that the carrier proteins ensure the involvement of T-helper lymphocytes in the activation of the hapten- or polysaccharide-specific antibody-producing B lymphocytes (.). In contrast to

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Microencapsulation of Vaccine Antigens,accination. However, with the knowledge that adults are susceptible to diseases once believed to be only relevant to children, these criteria are equally applicable to adult vaccination programs. Furthermore, with the emphasis on safety, the vaccine industry is slowly replacing existing vaccines wit

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Lyophilization of Vaccines,otential will be limited. Lyophilization (freeze-drying) is a well-established technique used in the pharmaceutical industry for stabilizing high-cost, labile bioproducts, such as vaccines. Alternative techniques that require the establishment of a cold chain can present problems, including the pote

Brain-Waves

Stimulation of Mucosal Immunity,oid tissue; “BALT,” bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue; reproductive tract, and breast tissue) interconnected by trafficking of primed lymphocytes as a common “mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue” (“MALT”) (.). In addition, immune responses within MALT may occur independently of systemic immunity, wi

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Induction and Detection of T-Cell Responses,ens on the foreign pathogen. Humoral immunity, either in the form of local IgA antibodies at the mucosal site of infection or neutralizing antibodies in the serum, provides the first line of defense against invading microorganisms. However, cellular immunity, mediated by T-cells, also plays a major

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