Titlebook: Synergetic Computers and Cognition; A Top-Down Approach Hermann Haken Textbook 19911st edition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991 Syne

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headway

Oscillations in the Perception of Ambiguous Patterns as Roman times (Lorscheid and Hofmeister 1980) (Fig. 13.2). In 1759 Porterfield and in 1832 Necker reported on such patterns (Fig. 13.3). For more recent studies and reviews see Fisher (1967), Gombrich (1973), Gräser (1977), Pöppel (1982), Kawamoto and Anderson (1985).

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What are Patterns?ents is irrelevant. Clearly we may focus our attention on the structure of these elements, but then the elements become the pattern and in turn are composed of still smaller elements. Rather than attempting a final definition of a pattern, let us consider instead a series of examples.

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Infantry

Learning of Processes and Associative Actionm information principle. We then establish an analogy to the Langevin equation which may be interpreted as a network (Sect. 11.2). The whole chapter is rather mathematical and its results will not be needed later in this book, but this approach has important potential for applications.

诗集

Realization of the Logical Operation XOR by a Synergetic Computer perform the XOR operation. Nowadays, the XOR operation can be performed by neurocomputers with several layers and a sigmoid activation curve (instead of the original steep threshold curve of McCulloch and Pitts).

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What are Patterns?ements is irrelevant for a pattern raises an important issue; namely, a pattern is defined on a specific length scale, on which the nature of the elements is irrelevant. Clearly we may focus our attention on the structure of these elements, but then the elements become the pattern and in turn are co

exostosis

Associative Memoryrson. When we use the telephone dictionary, we do this in sequential order. We first look for the first letter of the family name, then for the second letter, etc., and finally we must also, in general, look for the first name Another example is provided by the identification of a smell, e.g. the sm

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Synergetics — An Outlinerganization. Synergetics focusses its attention on situations where the macroscopic properties of a complex system change qualitatively. Instead of trying to confront the reader with still more definitions, let us rather consider some typical examples. We shall start with physics.

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