Titlebook: Surface Modified Carbons as Scavengers for Fluoride from Water; Venkataraman Sivasankar Book 2016 Springer International Publishing Switze

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An Overview on Defluoridation of Drinking Water,study of Dr Dean showed that tooth decay was lower and dental fluorosis was higher in areas characterized by fluoride excess in drinking water. After this first observation, community water fluoridation programs were developed. Fluoride was added to drinking water in order to prevent tooth decay, wh

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Methods of Defluoridation: Adsorption and Regeneration of Adsorbents,paration by reverse osmosis or nanofiltration, and electrocoagulation using soluble aluminum anode. Exhausted alumina can be regenerated by washing with alkali solution followed by an acid activation. Domestic defluoridations work with small equipment using adsorption on activated alumina or separat

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Syntheses and Characterization of Surface-Modified Carbon Materials,the natural biopolymer, starch using modifying agents. Modification of surface was achieved by, on one hand, dispersing fluorophilic elements such as calcium, iron, and cerium and, on the other hand, using ammonium carbonate to generate more porosity on the surface. These surface-modified carbon ads

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Proposed Mechanisms on Fluoride Sorption,ity of calcium, iron, and cerium active centers that spread on the carbon matrix toward fluoride sorption is quite incredible. The participation of calcium, cerium, and iron compounds through plausible mechanisms has been detailed in this chapter.

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