Titlebook: Superconductor Applications: SQUIDs and Machines; Brian B. Schwartz,Simon Foner Book 1977 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1977 ap

尽忠

Computer Applications of Josephson Junctionshighly integrated technology; and (c) the lack of a theory of superconductivity. As an outgrowth of the BCS theory, the Josephson junction was discovered in 1962 (see historical discussion in Chapter I of this Proceedings). Its potential as a switching device which was superior to cryotrons was realized by J. Matisoo [8].

PANIC

Programs on Small-Scale Superconducting Devices in Canadasult of a relatively small number of investigators (perhaps 20 or 30) working more or less independently of each other. Academic institutions, government laboratories, and a few industrial laboratories are all involved in this work.

Volatile-Oils

政府

Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena in Superconductorsr and Casimir [4]. The charge density ρ.(T) of the super fluid particles at a given temperature T is equal to the square of the amplitude ρ. = |ψ.|. and hence, . in which ρ. → 0 if T → T.. The absolute phase is not observable, but we will show that phase differences are directly observable quantities.

osteocytes

murmur

Programs on Small-Scale Superconducting Devices in Italytivity is pursued are CNEN at Frascati (Rome), the major laboratory of the Italian nuclear energy agency, and Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale “G. Ferraris” in Turin, the Italian metrology laboratory. The industrial laboratory is SNAM-Progetti at Monterotondo (Rome), which is part of the holding company of the major Italian gasoline company.

背叛者

The Historical Context of Josephson’s Discoveryt Kamerlingh Onnes and I cannot tell you how it was then, nor am I going to try. I am going to start considerably later, about the time of the B. C. S. theory. I am not a historian, and when one start’s to think about writing history, one realizes that historians may not be skilled in physics, but t

艺术

Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena in Superconductorsectron pairs, first described by Cooper [2]) in the same single quasi-particle quantum state. Such a condensation can be described, as usual, by an internal order parameter. According to the phenomenological theory of Ginzburg and Landau [3] the order parameter Ψ. is a complex quantity, with propert

GRILL

Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices for Low Frequency Measurementsn 1964. These workers showed that the critical current of the double junction was an oscillatory function of the magnetic flux threading the ring, the period being the flux quantum, Φ.. The implications of this result for instrumentation were quickly realized, and a variety of dc SQUIDS* (Supercondu

Meditative