Titlebook: Studying Political Leadership; Foundations and Cont Robert Elgie Book 2015 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2015 Presidents.

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Robert Elgien by the Chinese government and lending policies with support from the World Bank; and (3) comprehensive measures against desertification, such as water and wind erosion, salinization, and deforestation. This v978-4-431-54751-8978-4-431-54481-4Series ISSN 2191-0707 Series E-ISSN 2191-0715

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Constructivist Accounts of Political Leadership,ritique of constructivist accounts of political leadership, highlighting the ontological and epistemological tensions within them and suggesting that the various accounts are not always commensurable with each other.

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Scientific Realist Accounts of Political Leadership: Political Psychology,ership. We then identify three political psychology accounts of political leadership. The first emphasizes psychobiographical accounts of political leaders. The second privileges a broad understanding of personality and examines how the personality of individual political leaders affects political o

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Scientific Realism and Political Leadership: Contextual Accounts,cess. We then identify three accounts that emphasize different aspects of the political context: one that privileges long-term, contextual regularities; another that emphasizes the role of political institutions and which has two variants; and yet another that emphasizes the personality of political

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What Have We Learned and Where Do We Go from Here?,philosophical foundations of social and political studies. This point applies to the study of political leadership, but it applies to many other areas of study as well. To begin this chapter, we identify the main lessons of the book. We then specify a number of areas where the study of political lea

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Positivist Accounts of Political Leadership,act of individual-level, leader-related variables on political outcomes. We present two types of leader effects accounts. We end the chapter with a critical evaluation of positivist accounts of political leadership.

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,Leadership — The Interactionist Paradigm,ever small, existing or at least prospering without leaders and leadership (Blondel 1987a: 1). For Bass (1990a: 20), leadership is a ‘universal phenomenon’. From this perspective, we can safely assume that leadership has existed since the earliest times.

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