Titlebook: Stream Ecology; Structure and functi J. David Allan,Marí M. Castillo Textbook 2007Latest edition Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part

Infant

bioavailability

Human impacts,96). The demand for freshwater resources creates an urgent need to ensure sufficient freshwater for human wellbeing, while minimizing declines in biological diversity, the deterioration of freshwater ecosystems, and loss of ecosystem services.

擦掉

An introduction to fluvial ecosystems,. The intent is to provide a road map for the individual chapters that follow, rather than define terms and explain principles in detail. By sketching out the broadest patterns of fluvial ecosystems and providing at least a glimpse of the underlying processes, we hope this introduction will serve as

Parameter

Streamflow,r does a river need, and what is the importance of natural variation? To answer these questions, an understanding of flow and its far-reaching consequences for the physical, chemical, and biological condition of rivers is essential. This chapter shows how a basic appreciation of the water cycle is c

毗邻

Fluvial geomorphology, the valleys were already there, not because the stream cut the valley. Catastrophism, with its emphasis on the biblical flood as the final stage in the shaping of the earth’s surface, obviously influenced this perspective (Morisawa 1968). By the late 1700s, however, geologists reasoned that the den

归功于

Streamwater chemistry,creeks often are muddy with sediments, and drainages in limestone-rich regions are fertile while those containing only granitic rocks usually are less so. The rivers of heavily populated areas, and even the rain, are polluted by human activities.

MAZE

The abiotic environment,romotes increased biological richness. That organisms are adapted to aspects of habitat, such that the traits of organisms reflect features of the environment, is a fundamental idea in ecology referred to as the habitat template concept (Southwood 1988).

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细胞膜

Trophic relationships,am and beyond its banks. These include the living resources of algae and higher plants, and the nonliving resources of particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM). Microorganisms are important mediators of organic matter availability and there is increasing evidence of their