Titlebook: Statistics in the Public Interest; In Memory of Stephen Alicia L. Carriquiry,Judith M. Tanur,William F. Ed Book 2022 The Editor(s) (if appl

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Causes of Effects and Effects of Causeso has cancer after being exposed to a certain chemical wants to argue that the chemical, and not something else, caused his cancer. In that case, simply demonstrating that the chemical is carcinogenic is not sufficient to argue that his cancer was caused by his exposure to it. Questions of causality

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What Can Policies Do and How Can Social Science Help?sful implementation of these policies? Social science theories view society as a dynamic system with many interrelated parts, but empirical studies in the social sciences most often take only one or two parts of the system to study, leaving the impression that these parts can change without having i