Titlebook: Statistical Methods for Data Analysis in Particle Physics; Luca Lista Book 20161st edition Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2

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Confidence Intervals, is sufficient, but this may not be the cases, in particular, for measurements with a small number of events or distributions that exhibit significant deviation from the Gaussian approximation. A more rigorous and general treatment of confidence intervals under the frequentist approach is due to Neyman, which will be discussed in the following.

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Upper Limits,hould be published claiming a discovery. If the outcome is not sufficiently convincing, the publication can anyway quote an upper limit to the ”intensity” of the new signal, which usually allows to exclude parameter sets of a new theory.

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Lecture Notes in Physicshttp://image.papertrans.cn/s/image/876513.jpg

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20176-4Bayesian Versus Frequentist Probability Theory; Data Analysis in High Energy Physics; Data Analysis in

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Probability Theory,ocess that can be reproduced, to some extent, within some given boundary and initial conditions, but whose outcome is uncertain. Probability is a measurement of how favored one of the possible outcomes of such a random process is compared with any of the other possible outcomes.

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Probability Distribution Functions,obable elementary cases is not possible without ambiguity. The concept of probability distribution can be generalized to the continuum case introducing the probability distribution function defined as follows.

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Confidence Intervals, is sufficient, but this may not be the cases, in particular, for measurements with a small number of events or distributions that exhibit significant deviation from the Gaussian approximation. A more rigorous and general treatment of confidence intervals under the frequentist approach is due to Ney

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Hypothesis Tests,lem in statistics is known as hypothesis test, and methods have been developed to assign an observation, which consists of the measurements of specific discriminating variables, to one of two or more hypothetical models, considering the predicted probability distributions of the observed quantities

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Upper Limits,hould be published claiming a discovery. If the outcome is not sufficiently convincing, the publication can anyway quote an upper limit to the ”intensity” of the new signal, which usually allows to exclude parameter sets of a new theory.