Titlebook: Simplifying Strabismus; A Practical Approach Saurabh Jain Book 2024Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under ex

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Anatomy of the Extraocular Muscles,ion on the globe. They are linked intimately with fascia which forms the pulley system that supports their action. The obliques have a characteristic spread out insertion and tend to go beneath the vertical recti. They are supplied by the third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves. All recti have two mu

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Applied Physiology of Eye Movements,ction and relaxation of muscles in groups in a coordinated manner to achieve binocular movements or versions. Uniocular movements are called ductions, conjugate movements are in the same direction and disconjugate movements involve either a convergence or divergence of the eyes.

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Examining a Patient with Strabismus, associated symptoms as well as relevant medical and ocular history. Measurement of the vision and refractive error is crucial, and the strabismus is then evaluated using cover-uncover and ocular motility testing. Accessory tests such as diplopia charting can provide further valuable information.

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Orthoptic Assessment of a Patient with Strabismus,us and sensory and motor adaptation to strabismus. Stereopsis is the highest level of binocularity and is particularly important to assess. This chapter describes the common tests used; the instrumentation required and how best to interpret them.

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Other Forms of Incomitant Strabismus,iation in different directions of gaze but have various characteristic associated findings. This chapter describes the clinical features of common forms of incomitant strabismus along with investigation modalities and treatment options.

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