Titlebook: Schooling in New Russia; Innovation and Chang Jeanne Sutherland Book 1999 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited 19

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Reactions of the Establishmentin the leadership of the organizations concerned, but there were still many conservatives in the education ministries and in the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, as well as among the senior teaching staff who were against any radical reforms.

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Russian Schools after Gorbachev, 1992–94: Decentralization and RegionalizationPresident Gorbachev was yesterday the first and last leader to leave office in the now defunct Soviet Union without being removed by Communist Party coup or the grim reaper. His resignation sets a personal seal on the end of a regime which he struggled for nearly seven years to revitalise and on an empire that he fought to the last to preserve.1

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Health and Social ProblemsWe are in troubled times, we are in danger of seeing a generation of children of perestroika deprived of belief in everything and in everyone, full of negativism, total rejection and quiet despair, bearing in themselves, at best, moral deafness and cruel egoism.1

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National Problems of EducationI would like to see each nationality, each region, develop its own programme of reform in accordance with local conditions. The mission of the Ministry must be, above all, not to unify, but rather to stimulate in all possible ways the expeditious development of such programmes.’ Eduard Dneprov, Russian Minister of Education.1

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Epiloguen 1985 he continuously held senior posts in the ministry and the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences (later the Russian Academy of Education). He had the reputation of being rather inflexible, ‘an able administrator’ but ‘a hesitant supporter of real reform’. Stephen Kerr said of the changes, ‘the force

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8, 27, and 126 μg/m., respectively. Mean concentrations of nicotine, UV-PM, and RSP for restaurants were 5.1, 36, and 126μg/m., respectively..Within the past decade, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has emerged as a major issue within the general subject area of indoor air quality. The issue has ac

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nine measurements) and on past smoking habits by repeated questionnaires) suggests that such misclassification might cause bias large enough to explain a major part, and perhaps all, of the apparent increase in lung cancer risk related to spouse smoking. Whilst evidence from a detailed review of the

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Jeanne Sutherlandth the problem of indoor air pollution in the lesser-developed countries were also given. This collection of papers will contribute greatly to research into tobacco smoking epidemiology and assist in establishing a clear focus on an issue which has tended to become hopelessly obscured.978-3-540-51580-7978-3-642-83904-7Series ISSN 1431-5777