Titlebook: Rhinology and Facial Plastic Surgery; Fred J. Stucker,Chris de Souza,Bernhard Schick Book 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 Beni

猛击

The Anatomy and Physiology of Olfaction and Gustation central nervous system centers integrate these combinations of signals to generate perceptions of smell and taste. .■ Olfactory receptor bipolar neurons are directly exposed to the external environment, within the nasal vault, making this a unique sensory system.

ATRIA

Olfaction and Gustation: Implications of Viral, Toxic Exposure, Head Injury, Aging, and Drugsude postupper respiratory tract infection, post-trauma, nasal and paranasal sinus disease, age and neurodegenerative disease, toxins and medication, and idiopathic. .■ Loss of flavor is a loss of retronasal olfaction, whereas loss of taste includes abnormalities in the detection of salty, sweet, bit

Tremor

Aesthete

Clinical Assessment and Management of Olfactory Disorders Olfactory testing can be performed by all physicians and provides assessment of the degree of smell loss. .■ Decisions on obtaining imaging will depend on the history and physical examination. .■ Treatment options for smell disorders are limited, but all patients require counseling and education in

Common-Migraine

下级

Contemporary Management Strategies for Epistaxisauma, systemic processes, and medications can contribute to the development of epistaxis. .■ Nasal endoscopy is important for accurate diagnosis and effective management of epistaxis of moderate or greater severity. .■ Imaging is reserved for special circumstances in patients with maxillofacial trau

EXALT

Disorders of the Nasal Septumormity. .■ Numerous infectious, inflammatory, and systemic diseases need to be considered in the differential diagnosis. .■ The diagnosis of these entities may require culture, biopsy, specialized laboratory testing, and a high index of suspicion.

阴谋小团体

听写

Surgery of the Nasal Septumques for septal surgery today emphasize conservative resection and preservation of septal cartilage and bone. .■ Morselization is preferred in pediatric patients. With proper preservation of septal cartilage through morselization and repositioning, surgery can be safely undertaken in the pediatric p

小卷发