Titlebook: Rectal and Anal Cancers; Conservative Treatme Jean Papillon Book 1982 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1982 Analkrebs.Mastdarmkrebs.behavi

thalamus

藐视

inclusive

General Featuresso rare as it is thought to be, since it represents 12%–15% of the malignant tumours arising in the distal 10 cm of the bowel. In all series there is a predominance of female patients, in contrast to cancers of the rectum and peri-anal area, which are more common in men. The sex ratio in favour of w

Glutinous

Cupping

弯曲道理

URN

Harass

Introductiongether with tissues bearing lymph nodes. Therefore controversy has developed between the staunch defenders of the systematic radical approach and the protagonists of a more selective conservative approach. Conservative treatment may be considered only if the following conditions are met:

ineffectual

相一致

Conservative Treatment by Irradiationf the rectum. Rectal cancer is generally considered to be only slightly radiosensitive, and it is admitted that radiation therapy per se is unable to control rectal tumours. This judgement is based on the poor efficacy of irradiation when applied to advanced tumours or to recurrences after surgery.