Titlebook: Real-Time Systems; Design Principles fo Hermann Kopetz Textbook 19971st edition Springer Science+Business Media New York 1997 modeling.oper

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finite

Global Time,ock synchronization is covered in Section 3.4. First, the notions of convergence function and drift offset are introduced to express the synchronization condition that must be satisfied by any synchronization algorithm. Then, the simple central-master algorithm for clock synchronization is presented

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Modeling Real-Time Systems,logical control in the design of a real-time system. Temporal control determines when a task must be executed or a message must be sent, while logical control is concerned with the control flow within a sequential task. The merging of temporal control and logical control adds to the complexity of a

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Real-Time Entities and Images,e of temporal accuracy, which is a relation between an RT entity and its associated RT image, is investigated in detail. The notions of parametric and phasesensitive observations of RT entities are introduced, and the concept of permanence of an observation is discussed. The duration of the action d

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Fault Tolerance,ntained even in a failure scenario. The node implementation must map all internal node failures into simple external failure modes. The problem of node failure detection and membership in event-triggered and time-triggered architectures is elaborated. A set of replica-determinate nodes is grouped to

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Real-Time Communication, fault-tolerant real-time network for interconnecting the nodes, and a backbone bus for interconnecting a cluster with other non real-time systems..In Section 7.4 some fundamental conflicts in the design of real-time protocols are highlighted. For example, the requirement for flexibility is in confl

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Input/Output,ing are identical. However, from the robustness point of view, sampling is superior to polling. Section 9.4 is devoted to a discussion of interrupts. An interrupt is a powerful, and therefore potentially dangerous, mechanism that interferes with the temporal control structure within a node..Sensors

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