Titlebook: Quantum Computers; Theory and Algorithm Belal Ehsan Baaquie,Leong-Chuan Kwek Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), und

散步

遗传学

CREEK

语源学

modifier

Classical Gates and AlgorithmsAn algorithm is defined to be a well-defined finite set of instructions that are carried out systematically in a given number of steps for solving a well-defined problem. An algorithm, in particular, can have the purpose of carrying out a specific information processing task.

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Principles of Quantum MechanicsThe principles and formalism of quantum mechanics are reviewed as these provide the basis for quantum computers and quantum algorithms. This chapter is based on the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics pioneered by Werner Heisenberg, Niels Bohr and Max Born, with the derivations following the approach of Baaquie.

Bmd955

Quantum Superposition and EntanglementTwo properties of Hilbert space that are pivotal in making quantum algorithms faster than classical algorithms are . and ., discussed in Sects. . and .. A few special cases, discussed below, concretely illustrate the general principles of . and . for quantum algorithms.

CURB

Deutsch AlgorithmThe Deutsch algorithm illustrates, using a very special example, that a quantum computer, ., is more efficient than a classical computer.

纹章

Highbrow

Grover’s AlgorithmGrover’s algorithm  and Shor’s algorithm for factorizing (large) primes are the two masterpieces of quantum computing.