Titlebook: Organotin; Environmental fate a Michael A. Champ,Peter F. Seligman Book 1996 Chapman & Hall 1996 bioaccumulation.bioconcentration.biota.cet

coagulate

Regulatory Policies and Strategies for Organotin Compounds,tional regulatory and legislative options for policy and decision makers is presented and discussed in this chapter. The discussion includes the US Antifouling Paint Control Act of 1988 as well as international regulatory policies and practices from the United Kingdom, France, Switzerland, Germany,

Melatonin

Purge-Trap Method for Determination of Tributyltin by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry,tal samples, plant extracts, and shellfish extracts by two similar methods. Both procedures use purge-and-trap methods following derivatization with sodium borohydride that allows concentration of organotin hydrides in a trap at liquid nitrogen temperature (-196°C). The organotin hydride species are

门闩

冥界三河

Grignard Derivatization and Mass Spectrometry as Techniques for the Analysis of Butyltins in Enviropresent in the samples. Most commonly used methods require a derivatization step to form volatile organotin hydrides or tetraalkyltin derivatives. The tetraalkyltins formed by reaction with Grignard reagents are stable compounds that are readily separated by gas chromatography and produce characteri

手段

分开

Comparison of Methodologies for Butyltin Species Determination,col for good laboratory practice; and presents results of several interlaboratory comparisons, including the certification of PACS-1 (the world’s first certified reference material for butyltins). The certified concentrations for tributyl-, dibutyl-, and monobutyltin are 1.21 ± 0.24, 1.14 ± 0.20, an

圆木可阻碍

A Review of Acute Effects of Tributyltin Compounds on Aquatic Biota,anisms. Survival of test organisms (LC.) was the most frequently used endpoint for these experiments, although other sublethal parameters were also evaluated. Tributyltin toxicity data were evaluated for 29 freshwater species and 56 saltwater species. Most of the freshwater data and approximately ha

BAIT

Experimental Studies of Chronic Toxicity of Tributyltin Compounds,following characteristics. They are experimental studies conducted under laboratory conditions and designed to demonstrate a causal relationship between TBT exposure and a sublethal response, which was usually reduction in growth or abnormal development; Biol.ogical endpoints, such as metamorphosis

报复

Blasphemy

Embryogenesis and Larval Development in ,: Experimental Data and Field Observations on the Effect ourbed by shell abnormalities and by a drastic reduction of reproduction. As a consequence, the number of oyster farmers declined by 50%. The phenomena were consequent to a large increase in pleasure-craft activities in the bay; tributyltin compounds released from antifouling paints were suspected as