Titlebook: Organocatalysis; M.T. Reetz,B. List,H. Weinmann Conference proceedings 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008 Assymmetric Catalysis.E

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TRUST

,-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Organocatalysts Displaying Diverse Modes of Action,riety of different transformations. Starting from the early investigations on benzoin, and later Stetter reactions, the mechanistic diversity of .-heterocyclic carbenes, depending on their properties, has led to the development of several unprecedented catalytic reactions. This article will provide

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Directed

Nucleophilic Carbenes as Organocatalysts,d umpolung reactions, thiazolium salt-derived NHC have been used successfully for decades. Even so, during recent years there has been an increased interest in NHC-catalyzed transformations and many new reactions have been developed. This article focuses on the use of NHC in the conjugate umpolung o

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FAR

,New Developments in Enantioselective Brønsted Acid Catalysis: Chiral Ion Pair Catalysis and Beyond,arch area has resulted in substantial progress, particularly in the field of metal catalyzed transformations. In recent years small organic molecules have been used as organocatalysts for a variety of enantioselective reactions. Among these, secondary amine catalysts are the most widely applied and

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archetype

,Biomimetic Organocatalytic C–C-Bond Formations,active species is a nucleophilic carbene. Mimicking this approach, organocatalytic carbene catalysis has emerged to an exceptionally fruitful research area, which is used in asymmetric C–C bond formations.

Mendicant

Controlling the Selectivity and Stability of Proteins by New Strategies in Directed Evolution: The of addressing this crucial question. This chapter reviews the concept of ISM and its application in controlling the enantioselectivity and thermostability of enzymes, specifically those that have an organocatalytic mechanism. Illustrative examples include the directed evolution of lipases, Baeyer-Villigerases and epoxide hydrolases.