Titlebook: On the Epistemology of Data Science; Conceptual Tools for Wolfgang Pietsch Book 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 Causal approach to

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Wolfgang Pietschation advice from the experts.Includes supplementary materia.Proteomics is a rapidly expanding investigation platform in cardiovascular medicine. Driven by major improvements in mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation and data analysis, the proteomics field has flourished in recent years particularly

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Variational Induction,hips from observed regularities, i.e. from the repetition of instances. Eliminative induction proceeds by eliminating hypotheses from a given exhaustive and mutually exclusive set. Variational induction infers causal relationships from systematically varying the circumstances of the examined phenome

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Causation as Difference Making,s of causation do not imply the variational evidence that is typically used in data science. The approach, which turns out to be most suitable for analyzing data-scientific practice, is the counterfactual account. The remainder of the chapter therefore is devoted to developing a refined version of t

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Analogy,ow evidence from various phenomena can be combined and made relevant for theory development and prediction. First, some influential accounts of analogical reasoning, both historical and contemporary, are reviewed focusing in particular on Keynes, Carnap, Hesse, and more recently Bartha. I argue that